Preparations of the Narcissus series

Protection of plants from pests and diseases has been and remains one of the cardinal problems of modern agricultural production. Pests and diseases can damage vegetable, fruit and berry and decorative flower crops throughout the entire growing season, therefore, protective measures must be carried out constantly, since the receipt of high and high-quality yields largely depends on the skillful and timely application of pest and disease control measures. . In the fight against harmful objects, first of all, agricultural practices, mechanical methods, biological means should be used, and only if they do not give the desired results, chemical (if possible, low toxicity), observing the established regulations and safety measures.

Only a set of measures can give the best results when growing agricultural products. However, practice shows that the vast majority of problems can be solved by the timely use of immunomodulators and, in particular, chitosan-containing preparations of the NARCISS series, which activate the immune system of the plant itself to resist the penetration of the pathogen into the body. We emphasize once again that the use of preparations of the NARCISS series requires an integrated approach in all phases of plant development and growth, and not as a one-time action to solve a local problem. When pre-soaking the seeds before sowing in the NARCISSA-S solution, the energy of seed germination increases and, as a result, seedlings appear 2-3 days earlier, more friendly and leveled. During the seedling period, it is necessary, depending on the duration of the seedlings’ stay in the seedling compartment, to shed mineral wool cubes with seedlings once or twice with a 0.5% solution of NARCISS at the rate of 100 ml of working solution per plant. The first strait is carried out after the root system of plants passes through the cubes and appears at the bottom. The second strait must be done 14-17 days after the first, in the same doses and concentrations. Narcissus at these straits is added to the nutrient solution for watering plants. The volumes of the NARCISS solution required for seedlings grown in pots differ from the volumes on mineral wool cubes (see table). In this case, a powerful root system is formed and the growth and development of the aerial part of the plant is intensified, which leads to a significant reduction in damage by the root-knot nematode and a wide range of diseases (root rot, powdery mildew, late blight, etc.).

The planting period is very responsible for the farms and for the plants. Plants from comfortable, in all respects, conditions of the seedling department, often end up in completely different harsh conditions. Low natural illumination, insufficient air and soil temperatures, low relative humidity. At the same time, stuffing seedlings into boxes, transporting them and placing them in a permanent place injure the aerial part and especially the root system of plants. Plants after planting are in shock and, often, up to 10-12 days (depending on greenhouse conditions) cannot begin to develop a good root system. Plant habitus is deteriorating. The aerial part of plants develops at this stage faster than the root system. Subsequently, this leads to a delay in early collection and reset of the ovaries. During the planting period, plants need to be provided with comprehensive assistance to get out of stress as soon as possible and restore their root system. To do this, we offer the following option. 1. In the seedling section, three days before planting the plants in the greenhouse, treat them leaf by leaf with a solution of Novosil, which is a very good anti-stress drug. 2. When planting plants in the ground, spill the hole with a solution of NARCISS before planting the seedlings in this hole. If the plants are planted on mineral wool or coconut, on the day of planting in the last watering, before the night period, shed the plants with a 0.5% solution of NARCISS at the rate of 100 ml per plant. When working with NARCISS through a drip irrigation system, it should be taken into account that this preparation contains a large amount of chitosan and is initially quite thick. To make it less thick and suitable for drip irrigation, it is necessary to dilute the required dose of NARCISS in water close to boiling water at a rate of 1:5 (1 part of NARCISS: 5 parts of boiling water). Mix the resulting solution well, if necessary, strain and it is ready to use.

When working on soils, the strait of the root system is necessary once a month to maintain it in a dynamic state. NARCISS, used in soil technology, helps to solve the problem of root and root rot. In addition, it postpones for a significant period the infection of the root system of plants with the root-knot nematode (if it is present in the greenhouse) and reduces its aggressiveness. When working with drip irrigation on mineral wool and coconut, the NARCISS strait can be alternated with straits with Etamon.

Narcissus is a composite preparation based on CHITOSAN with a wide spectrum of action. In addition to chitosan, it contains succinic and glutamic food acids and trace elements in a chelated form. The drug is universal and can be used both on vegetable crops and on fruit and berry and decorative flower crops and berries.

When using preparations «NARCISS» on decorative flower crops, the effect is manifested when the holes are shed before planting seedlings in a permanent place — rapid rooting and a decrease in the death of planted seedlings. When working, by spraying, on the vegetative aerial part of perennial flower crops, the effect of good condition of peduncles is observed, as well as an increase in size and an increase in the brightness of coloring of flowers. When processing bulbs of bulbous crops before planting, the process of root formation is accelerated, which leads to their rapid rooting. When processing seedlings of bulbous, for example, tulips, flower stalks are less prone to lodging and stretching, the leaves retain a bright green color, the brightness and size of flowers improve, i.e. they become more competitive when they are sold on the market.

Soaking the bulbs when forcing the onion onto a feather or treating the seedlings of this onion enhances the color of the onion, reduces the stretching of the onion and its tendency to lodging in low light conditions.

The bulbs are soaked for 5-6 hours in a 0.5% solution of NARCISS with occasional stirring, in a capacity sufficient to cover the entire soaked material. Spraying of seedlings is carried out with a 0.3-0.5% solution of NARCISS with a consumption of a working solution of 30-70 ml per m2 of seedlings.

Processing the root system and holes of fruit trees and shrubs when planting them with a 0.5% solution of NARCISS can increase the percentage of survival of seedlings. Leaf processing 3-4 times during the spring-summer period of vegetative fruit and berry crops with a 0.3-0.5% solution of NARCISS-B allows you to get an annual, rather than a cyclical harvest of fruits and berries.

«NARCISS» is used in almost 250 greenhouse complexes in various light zones of the Russian Federation with a total area of ​​​​1000 hectares, that is, about half of the currently actively working protected ground. Among them, it is necessary to single out such farms as: JSC APK Kursk NPP, SEC Voronezh Greenhouse Plant, CJSC Matveevskoye, CJSC ASHO Teplichnoye, Severodvinsk, State Unitary Enterprise RM Teplichnoye, Saransk, and others, where the use of the drug » Narcissus» is an element of vegetable production technology.

Why is NARCISS, BP so widely used in greenhouses? First of all, because it allows solving a number of problems with relatively small investments, which pay off many times over with an additional harvest.

Unlike biological preparations, NARCISS shows its effectiveness as a biostimulant and depressant of pathogenic microflora at low temperatures (14-17 degrees C), soil waterlogging of 90% of the FPV (the norm is 60-70% of the FPV) and a lack of O2 in it. Under such conditions, as a rule, plant immunity is sharply reduced.

First of all, it should be noted that NARCISS, being a natural drug, does not have any effect on the genotype of a plant and, moreover, a person. The combined use of these three highly active substances, of natural origin, determines a number of characteristic features of the drug.

• GROWTH STIMULATION — at all stages of plant development from seed sprouts to the end of the growing season, preparations of the Narcissus series enhance the growth of the root system and aerial parts, positively affect the photosynthetic activity of the leaf apparatus. This is manifested in the «stocky», developed seedlings and increased fruit growth.
• IMMUNOMODULATION — is based on the activation of the enzymatic system of the plant organism, the synthesis of compounds that prevent the penetration and development of pathogens in it. First of all, the enzymes chitinase and chitosanase play a significant role.

In addition, preparations of the NARCISS series affect the agrotechnical background of greenhouses, which manifests itself in:

1. improving soil microbiology — NARCISS stimulates the development of beneficial microorganisms for the plant, as well as predatory and parasitic fungi that destroy nematode larvae and their eggs.
2. Pesticide load reduction: a. Under the influence of preparations of the Narcissus series, the protective properties of the plant organism are activated, as a result of which it is less affected by pests and diseases and requires much less processing; b. When treating plants against powdery mildew, NARCISS can be used in a tank mixture with powdery mildew preparations. With this treatment, it is possible to reduce the working dose of the chemical by 50%. The concentration of NARCISS in such a tank mixture is 0.3-0.5% This technique is especially effective for chemical immunization of plants, when prophylactic treatment is carried out in case of the risk of powdery mildew. The effectiveness of the chemical preparation is maintained, as with 100% of the authorized dose of application. The intoxication of plants with chemicals is reduced, i.e. Narcissus works as an antidote for plants.

The significant effect of Narcissus is manifested against the infectious background of greenhouses. It is a consequence of the above signs of drugs, as well as direct influence:

• Fungicidal action — based on the ability of the preparation of the Narcissus series to form a film on the leaf surface that is impermeable to the growth tubes of the mycelium of the fungus, as well as the activation of the enzymatic system of the plant (chitinases and chitosanases), which break down the chitinous cover of the fungal infection.
• Insecticidal action — the film formed on the leaf surface after spraying with Narcissus envelops insects, makes it difficult to move and splits their chitinous cover.

In the greenhouse complexes of the Russian Federation, crops such as cucumber and tomato are mainly grown. To a lesser extent — pepper and eggplant. On these crops, the three-stage use of drugs is optimal.